Aluminium ine zvakawanda zvakanakisa zvivakwa, asi zvinowanzodiwa kuwedzera mamwe masimbi kuti uvandudze kushanda panguva yekugadzirisa. Ndeapi masimbi anogona kukanganisa maitiro ealuminium alloys? Pane
Pane zvisere zvesimbi zvakaita sevanadium, calcium, tungamira, tin, bismuth, antimony, beryllium, uye sodium.

Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwakasiyana kweakapedzwa aluminium coil, zvinhu zvinowedzerwa panguva yekugadziriswa kwezvinhu izvi zvisina kuchena zvine nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekunyungudika, zvimiro zvakasiyana, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoumbwa nealuminium, saka mhedzisiro yavo pazvinhu zvealuminium alloys zvakare akasiyana.

1. Metal elements: kukanganiswa kwezvinhu zvemhangura

Mhangura chinhu chakakosha alloying uye ine imwe yakasimba mhinduro inosimbisa maitiro. Pamusoro pe, iyo CuAl2 inonaya nekuchembera ine yakakosha kuchembera kusimbisa. Mhangura yemhangura muplate yealuminium inowanzo 2.5%-5%, uye simba rekusimbisa ndiro rakanakisisa kana mhangura yemhangura iri 4%-6.8%, saka iyo mhangura yemukati yeakawanda yakaoma aruminiyamu alloys iri mune ino renji.

2. Metal elements: pesvedzero yesilicon

Al-Mg2Si alloy system alloy equilibrium phase diagram Iyo yakanyanya solubility yeMg2Si mualuminium muchikamu chealuminium-yakapfuma 1.85%, uye kuderera kunoderera nekuderera kwekushisa. Mune akaremara aluminium alloy, kuwedzerwa kwesilicon kune aluminium plate kunogumira kune welding zvinhu, uye kuwedzerwa kwesilicon kune aluminium Panewo imwe nzira yekusimbisa.

3. Metal elements: simba re magnesium

Kusimbiswa kwe magnesium kune aluminium kunoshamisa. Kune wese 1% kuwedzera kwe magnesium, simba rekusimba rinowedzera ne34MPa. Kana zvishoma pane 1% manganese inowedzerwa, simba rekusimbisa rinogona kuwedzerwa. Naizvozvo, mushure mekuwedzera manganese, iyo magnesium content inogona kuderedzwa, uye tsika yekupisa inopisa inogona kuderedzwa panguva imwe chete. Pamusoro pe, manganese inogona kuita iyo Mg5Al8 komisheni iwedzere zvakaenzana, uye kunatsiridza corrosion resistance uye welding performance.

4. Metal elements: simba re manganese

Iyo yakanyanya solubility yemanganese mune yakasimba mhinduro ndeye 1.82%. Simba re alloy rinowedzera nguva dzose nekuwedzera kwekunyungudika, uye elongation inosvika pakukosha kwepamusoro kana manganese emukati ari 0.8%. Al-Mn alloys marefu uye mapfupi-anoomesa zera, ndizvo, havagoni kusimbiswa nekurapa kwekupisa.

5. Metal elements: simba re zinc

Kunyungudika kwe zinc mualuminium ndiko 31.6% apo iyo aluminium-yakapfuma chikamu cheAl-Zn alloy system iri 275, uye kunyungudika kwayo kunodonha kusvika 5.6% kana zvadaro 125. Apo zinc inowedzerwa kune aluminium chete, kuvandudzwa kwesimba realuminium alloy yakanyanya kuderera pasi pechirevo che deformation, uye kune katsika kekushungurudzika ngura kutsemuka nekutsemuka, nokudaro kuganhurira kushandiswa kwayo.

6. Metal elements: simba resimbi nesilicon

Simbi inowedzerwa sechinhu chinosanganisa muAl-Cu-Mg-Ni-Fe yakagadzirwa aluminium alloy., silicon muAl-Mg-Si yakagadzira aluminium, uye muAl-Si akatevedzana welding tsvimbo uye Al-Si akagadzira alloy. Mune mamwe aluminium alloys, silicon nesimbi zvinhu zvakajairika zvekusachena, iyo ine simba guru pakushanda kwealloy. Ivo varipo zvakanyanya seFeCl3 uye yemahara silicon. Apo silicon yakakura kudarika iron, iyo β-FeSiAl3 (kana Fe2Si2Al9) chikamu chinoumbwa, uye kana simbi yakakura kupfuura silicon, α-Fe2SiAl8 (kana Fe3Si2Al12) inoumbwa. Kana chiyero chesimbi nesilicon chisina kunaka, zvichaita kuti pave nekutsemuka, uye kana iyo iron yemukati mualuminium yakakandwa yakakwira zvakanyanya, kuumbwa kuchaita brittle.

7. Metal elements: mhedzisiro yetitanium uye boron

Titanium chinhu chinowanzo shandiswa chekuwedzera mualuminium alloys uye inowedzerwa muchimiro cheAl-Ti kana Al-Ti-B master alloys.. Titanium nealuminium zvinoumba chikamu cheTiAl2, iyo inova isiri-yakaitika musimboti panguva yekristaro, uye inobata basa mukunatsiridza forging chimiro uye weld chimiro. Kana iyo Al-Ti-based alloy ine clathrate reaction, izvo zvakakosha zvetitanium ndezve 0.15%, uye kana pane boron, iyo deceleration idiki se 0.01%.

8. Metal elements: simba re chromium uye strontium

Chromium inoumba intermetallic makomisheni akadai (CrFe)Al7 uye (Crum)Al12 mundiro yealuminium, iyo inotadzisa nucleation uye kukura maitiro e recrystallization, ine imwe simba rinosimbisa pane alloy, uye inogona zvakare kuvandudza kuoma kweiyo alloy uye kuderedza kukonzeresa kushungurudza corrosion kupaza.. . Zvisinei, kunzwisiswa kwekudzima kwenzvimbo kunowedzera, kugadzira anodic oxide firimu yero. Kuwedzerwa kwechromium mualuminium alloy kazhinji hakupfuuri 0.35%, uye inoderera nekuwedzera kwekuchinja kwezvinhu mu alloy. Strontium inowedzerwa kune aruminiyamu alloy ye extrusion ne 0.015%. ~ 0.03% strontium, kuitira kuti chikamu che β-AlFeSi mune ingot chive chiChinese chimiro-chakaumbwa α-AlFeSi chikamu., iyo inoderedza avhareji yenguva yeingot ne 60% ku 70%, inovandudza ma mechanical properties uye iyo plastiki workability; inovandudza kushata kwepamusoro kwechigadzirwa.

Kune yakakwirira silicon (10%~13%) akaremara aruminiyamu alloys, kuwedzera 0.02% ~ 0.07% strontium element inogona kuderedza kristaro yekutanga kusvika padiki, uye iyo mechanical properties inovandudzwawo zvakanyanya. Iyo tensile simba bb inovandudzwa kubva pa233MPa kuenda ku236MPa, uye simba regoho б0.2 rakawedzera kubva pa204MPa kuenda ku210MPa, elongation б5 yakawedzera kubva 9% ku 12%. Kuwedzerwa kwe strontium kune hypereutectic Al-Si alloy inogona kuderedza saizi yeiyo yekutanga crystal silicon zvidimbu., kunatsiridza mashandiro epurasitiki, uye inogona kutsetseka hot-roll uye cold-roll.