Aluminium e na le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse ntle, empa hangata hoa hlokahala ho eketsa lisebelisoa tse ling ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso nakong ea ts'ebetso. Ke litšepe life tse ka amang thepa ea li-alloys tsa aluminium? Ho na le
Ho na le likarolo tse robeli tsa tšepe tse kang vanadium, calcium, etella pele, thini, bismuth, antimony, beryllium, le sodium.

Ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso e fapaneng ea coil ea aluminium e phethiloeng, likarolo tse kenyellelitsoeng nakong ea ts'ebetso ea likarolo tsena tse sa hloekang li na le lintlha tse fapaneng tsa ho qhibiliha, meaho e fapaneng, le metsoako e fapaneng e entsoeng ka aluminium, kahoo liphello tsa bona ho thepa ea li-alloys tsa aluminium le tsona li fapane.

1. Lintho tsa tšepe: tšusumetso ea likarolo tsa koporo

Koporo ke motsoako oa bohlokoa oa motsoako 'me o na le phello e itseng e tiileng ea ho matlafatsa. Holim'a moo, CuAl2 e potlakisoang ke botsofali e na le phello e matla e matlafatsang botsofali. Lintho tsa koporo ka poleiti ea aluminium hangata ke 2.5%-5%, 'me phello e matlafatsang ke eona e ntle ka ho fetisisa ha litaba tsa koporo li 4%-6.8%, kahoo dikahare tsa koporo tsa li-alloys tse thata tsa aluminium li ka har'a mefuta ena.

2. Lintho tsa tšepe: tšusumetso ea silicon

Al-Mg2Si alloy system alloy equilibrium phase diagram Ho qhibiliha ho hoholo ha Mg2Si ka aluminium karolong e ruileng ea aluminium ke. 1.85%, 'me ho fokotseha ho fokotseha ka ho fokotseha ha mocheso. Ka motsoako oa aluminium o holofetseng, ho eketsoa ha silicon poleiting ea aluminium ho lekanyelitsoe ho lisebelisoa tsa ho tjheseletsa, le ho eketsoa ha silicon ho aluminium Ho boetse ho na le phello e itseng e matlafatsang.

3. Lintho tsa tšepe: tšusumetso ea magnesium

Ho matlafatsoa ha magnesium ho aluminium hoa hlolla. Bakeng sa e mong le e mong 1% ho eketseha ha magnesium, matla a matla a eketseha ka hoo e ka bang 34MPa. Haeba ka tlase ho 1% manganese e eketsoa, phello e matlafatsang e ka tlatsetsoa. Ka hona, ka mor'a ho eketsa manganese, boleng ba magnesium bo ka fokotseha, 'me tšekamelo ea ho phatloha ho chesang e ka fokotseha ka nako e le' ngoe. Holim'a moo, manganese e ka etsa hore motsoako oa Mg5Al8 o omele ka ho lekana, le ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa kutu le ts'ebetso ea welding.

4. Lintho tsa tšepe: tšusumetso ea manganese

Ho qhibiliha ho hoholo ha manganese tharollong e tiileng ke 1.82%. Matla a alloy a eketseha a sa khaotse ka ho eketseha ha solubility, 'me bolelele bo fihla ho boleng bo phahameng ha litaba tsa manganese li le teng 0.8%. Al-Mn alloys ke li-alloys tse telele le tse khutšoane tse thatafatsang lilemo, ke hore, li ke ke tsa matlafatsoa ke phekolo ea mocheso.

5. Lintho tsa tšepe: tšusumetso ea zinki

The solubility ea zinki ka aluminium ke 31.6% ha karolo e ruileng ea aluminium ea Al-Zn alloy system e 275, 'me ho qhibiliha ha eona ho theohela ho 5.6% ha e le teng 125. Ha zinki e kenngoa ho aluminium feela, ntlafatso ea matla a motsoako oa aluminium e fokotsehile haholo tlas'a motheo oa deformation, 'me ho na le tšekamelo ea khatello ea maikutlo corrosion cracking le ho peperana, ka hona ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea eona.

6. Lintho tsa tšepe: tšusumetso ea tšepe le silicon

Iron e eketsoa e le motsoako oa motsoako ho Al-Cu-Mg-Ni-Fe e entsoeng ka aluminium alloy., silicon ho Al-Mg-Si e entsoeng ka aluminium, le ho Al-Si letoto la tjheseletsa molamu le Al-Si e entsoeng motsoako. Ka lisebelisoa tse ling tsa aluminium, silicon le tšepe ke lintho tse tloaelehileng tse sa hloekang, tse nang le tšusumetso e kholo ts'ebetsong ea motsoako. Li teng haholo-holo e le FeCl3 le silicon ea mahala. Ha silicon e le kholo ho feta tšepe, β-FeSiAl3 (kapa Fe2Si2Al9) mokhahlelo oa thehoa, le ha tšepe e le kholo ho feta silicon, α-Fe2SiAl8 (kapa Fe3Si2Al12) bopiloe. Ha karo-karolelano ea tšepe le silicon e sa nepahala, e tla baka mapetsong ho lahla, mme ha dikahare tsa tshepe ka aluminium e lahletsweng di phahame haholo, pherekano e tla ba e thata.

7. Lintho tsa tšepe: phello ea titanium le boron

Titanium ke motsoako o sebelisoang hangata ka har'a alloys ea aluminium 'me e eketsoa ka mokhoa oa Al-Ti kapa Al-Ti-B master alloys.. Titanium le aluminium li theha mohato oa TiAl2, e fetohang motheo o sa iketsahalleng ka nako ya kristale, mme e bapala karolo ho ntlafatseng sebopeho sa forging le sebopeho sa weld. Ha Al-Ti-based alloy e na le karabelo ea clathrate, litaba tsa bohlokoa tsa titanium li mabapi le 0.15%, 'me haeba ho na le boron, the deceleration e nyane joalo ka 0.01%.

8. Lintho tsa tšepe: tšusumetso ea chromium le strontium

Chromium e etsa metsoako ea intermetallic joalo ka (CrFe)Al7 le (Crum)Al12 ka poleiti ea aluminium, e sitisang ho etsa nucleation le kgolo ya ho recrystallization, e na le phello e itseng ea ho matlafatsa motsoako, hape e ka ntlafatsa ho tiea ha alloy le ho fokotsa ts'oaetso ea ho sithabela ha kutu.. . Leha ho le joalo, maikutlo a timang a sebaka a eketseha, ho etsa filimi ea anodic oxide e mosehla. Keketso ea chromium ka motsoako oa aluminium ka kakaretso ha e fete 0.35%, 'me e fokotseha ka ho eketseha ha likarolo tsa phetoho ka motsoako. Strontium e eketsoa ka motsoako oa aluminium bakeng sa extrusion ka 0.015%. ~ 0.03% strontium, e le hore karolo ea β-AlFeSi ho ingot e be karolo ea Sechaena e nang le sebōpeho sa α-AlFeSi, e fokotsang karolelano ea nako ea ingot ka 60% ho 70%, e ntlafatsa thepa ea mochine oa thepa le ho sebetsa ka polasetiki; e ntlafatsa bokaholimo ba sehlahisoa.

Bakeng sa silicon e phahameng (10%~13%) metsoako ea aluminium e holofetseng, ho eketsa 0.02% ~ 0.07% element ea strontium ho ka fokotsa kristale ea mantlha bonyane, le thepa ea mechine le eona e ntlafetse haholo. Matla a matla a бb a ntlafatsoa ho tloha ho 233MPa ho ea ho 236MPa, mme matla a tlhahiso б0.2 a eketsehile ho tloha 204MPa ho ea ho 210MPa, elongation б5 eketseha ho tloha 9% ho 12%. Ho eketsoa ha strontium ho hypereutectic Al-Si alloy ho ka fokotsa boholo ba likaroloana tsa silicon tsa kristale., ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea polasetiki, 'me ka thelelo hot-roll le cold-roll.